The Solar Reflectance Index indicates the ability of a surface to reject solar heat and is the combined value of reflectivity and emittance. Black = 0 (Reflectance = 0.05, Emittance =0.9) White = 100 (Reflectance = 0.8, Emittance = 0.9)

Net-zero energy projects only consume as much energy from the grid as they can produce.

FSC Certification - certifies wood Green Label Plus - used for carpet certification Green-e is the organization that is responsible for ensuring that the electricity comes from a green and clean source ACEEE is for automobiles

This is a valid ID point because it is not addressed in LEED and provides an environmental benefit.

Fees are based on the SF of your project

An existing/old building minimizes the impact of a new project on the environment.

Fossil Fuels usually cost less than renewable energy Stormwater runoff causes sedimentation pollution Carbon Dioxide is a greenhouse gas and is released by burning fossil fuels to produce energy animal migration is not known to be impacted by the direct emissions of fossil fuels

Only after the construction phase and the project is built as it was designed can the project actually earn points. The rest of the answers are either related to the project anticipating getting those points or irrelevant.

200 + (100 * 0.5) + (100 * .025) = 275 FTEs

Gray water can differ between regions. Some areas consider water from the shower to be gray water, while others state that its black water and cannot be reused for any means. The UPC (Uniform Plumbing Code) gives a general definition.

Essentially the question is asking for the standards in which LEED references in their credits. Zoning requirements are usually in all Building Codes Green Seal - This is quite LEED specific concerning the materials used in buildings Parking Requirements is usually under zoning ASHRAE standards ARE COMMONLY REFERENCED IN BUILDING CODES AROUND THE GLOBE FSC certified wood is not usually required in building codes as it looks at the environmental affects of wood from extraction to manufacturing.

Land clearing debris, soil and hazardous materials do not contribute to LEED credits

The ICC (International Code Council) is the only standard you should really recognize on this list as it is where most our laws are adopted from.

Drip irrigation is for water efficient landscaping Xeriscaping uses no water for irrigation cooling towers, boilers, and chillers are all under the process water credit

Groundwater Contamination - The chemicals in the waste will be washed out by rain into the ground, penetrating and contaminated the ground water. Landfill Pollution and Emissions- This is the issue with not proper disposal/.recycling of the waste. The other answers are far too broad.

If a building with an existing CFC based system is in place, it must be phased out within 5 years after project completing and have a leakage rate of less than 5% per year. 5 is the magic number for CFCs

The carbon dioxide which is released after fossil fuels are burned is the largest concern because it is a greenhouse gas

A long atmospheric life is very bad for the atmosphere as it contributes to ODP. CFCs have the greatest ODP due to their atmospheric life.

LEED for Existing Buildings Operations & Maintenance is used for the building owner, of the whole building, not a single office as we have here... LEED for Healthcare is irrelevant LEED for Core and Shell focusses on the structure, envelope and HVAC system of the entire building and goes along side LEED for CI. LEED for New Construction IS FOR BRAND NEW PROJECTS

This is straight out of the reference guide and stresses that you cannot leave out a part of the floor area of the building if it was built very poorly.

Grean Seal - for VOC content of materials Green-e - off-site renewable energy source certification ASHRAE 90.1 - energy efficiency baseline ACEEE Green Score - CARB (California Air Resources Board) defines ZEV (Zero Emission Vehicles) for having an ACEEE green score greater than 40. MERV - is for the quality of your filter

Geothermal systems extend far into the earth's surface and would still be a great alternative to conventional energy sources, even in a cold climate. In the winter months, a roof which reflects the heat away from the building is not necessarily the best option for a building in a cold climate as it would not absorb any heat in the winter Underground parking is always good Mechanical Ventilation is necessary, neither good or bad. Natural is not an option for Toronto Climate Pretty much the key to what this question is asking for is what would not be necessarily be good sustainable action for a building all year around.

Homes is covered in LEED for Homes Communities are covered in LEED for ND Interior Spaces are covered in LEED for CI

Indoor Air Quality does not require the cost Onsite Renewable Energy uses the cost of energy offset by have energy onsite Green Power is based on % consumed

Green Seal is for IEQ VOC levels of materials Green Label is for carpets ASHRAE 55 is for thermal comfort The Center for Resource Solutions (CRS) created Green-e certified source for renewable energy contracts

EPAct of 1992 does not refer to dishwashers nor a fire sprinkler system in the baseline calculations. It does however give baseline usage data for the rest of the fixtures listed

LEED Certified (Uppercase C) is the lowest certification level. LEED certified (lowercase C) can be any level of certification; silver, gold or platinum

Co-mingled Recycling is dealt with in Materials and Resources. Whereas Daylighting is in the IEQ (Indoor Environemental Quality) set of credits.

Process Energy refers to energy consuming items which are not regulated by energy codes. Ex. Miscallaneous Equipment, Computers, Elevators, Kitchen Cooking etc... Non-Process (regulated) Energy are regulated by energy codes. EX. HVAC systems, Heat Pumps, Fans, Toilet Exhause

Indoor Environmental Quality is affected by refrigerants. If the refrigerants are not able to meet the thermal comfort of the building's occupants, then this credit will be lost.

Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC) defines graywater as untreated household wastewater that has not come in contact with toilet waste; the International Plumbing Code (IPC) defines graywater as wastewater discharged from lavatories, bathtubs, showers, clothes washers and laundry sinks; water that could come in contact with food (IE kitchen) is generally considered black water.

Storm water and grey water should be used for irrigation. Blackwater and toilet water cannot be used if it has not been treated.

Floor Area / Acre of Build-able Land is how LEED calculates density

Green Building can be Design-Build Green Buildings can be more expensive, but are NOT always Green Building can take more time to complete from start to finish, but not necessarily Green Building ALWAYS uses an integrated building approach as this is in the definition of a green building process Green Buildings do NOT need to have a green roof, albeit it is a green feature.

Innovation in Design credits must achieve significant, measurable environmental performance using a strategy not addressed in the LEED rating system. The project team must submit the credit’s intent, requirement for compliance, submittals that demonstrate compliance and the design approach.

Tenant Fit-outs as well as Furniture, furnishings and equipment (FF&E) are part of LEED for Commercial Interiors

Constructing a Wet Land not only retains water onsite and avoids it from adding pressure + energy cost to the sewer system, but it also increases the quality of the water as it goes into the ground and subsequent aquifer below

Optimize Energy Performance - Better insulation StormWater Quantity - Less runoff from site - infiltrates green roof's plant-life Innovation in Design - 100% Vegetated Roof

Only LEED O+M requires a recertification process.

ISO 14000 product oriented standards include Environmental Labels and Declaration, • Life Cycle Assessment and Design for Environment. These standards are intended to be applicable to assess environmental performance of products and services, and to provide guidance on improving their environmental performance. ISO 14020 series standards (includes ISO 14021), Environmental Labels and Declaration, are communication tools that convey information on environmental aspects of a product or service to the market. Three different types of environmental labels and declarations are currently in use. They include: Type I environmental labeling, Type II self-declared environmental claims, and Type III environmental declaration.

Hydrocarbons are natural refrigerants. They include ethane, propane, butane etc.. Passive refrigerants is the only trick here. In a passive design, there are NO REFRIGERANTS AT ALL, so how could it be natural?

Open space = Property Area - Development Footprint. More parking would not benefit the project in LEED. The Heat-Island-Affect of the Roof may or may not be positively affected. It could have been a green roof being reduced as well. There is not enough info in this question to be confident in selecting: Heat Island Affect - Roof. Thus, the only/best possible correct answer is Open Space .

Xeriscaping is using no irrigation due to all landscaping is native. By reusing captured rain water it reduces the amount of potable water used for this credit which is good. Turf Grass is bad and requires more water Native plants are good and require less water Invasive plants are bad. When a question says [CHOOSE 3] and there are only 5 options, it is always easier to look for the 2 incorrect answers. In this case, which of the following DO NOT contribute to WE landscaping, then select the 3 remaining.

The cardboard had already been used and we are now recycling it, post consumer.

Pervious pavement allows water to go through into the soil High SRI roof would not change the runoff Harvesting rainwater will reduce storm water runoff Turf grass is worse than native plants because the soil will not absorb as much stormwater due to its compaction level. Location of the building does not change the quantity of runoff

The Heat Island Affect is already covered in LEED and thus no additional points would be awarded. There is no exmplary performance credit associated with the credit. innovative performance is made for green building strategies that are out of the scope and not addressed by LEED. This is in the scope of LEED.

Sustainable Sites - Having less pavement for a parking lot can reduce the heat island affect, maximize open space and positively effect other areas.

It must be phased out within 5 years of the project completion.

Protecting the ductwork during construction ensures no contaminants enter the ventilation system and lower the indoor air quality during occupancy

HFCs are ok to use as a refrigerant HCFC must be phased out by 2030 under the Montreal Protocol

LEED for NC are used for MIXED USE buildings

Post-Consumer recycled material is defined as material that has served its intended use and is then recycled and reused in a different product. Where as pre-consumer has not been used and may have come from excess or damaged (scrap) items during a manufacturing process and then not reused for the same purpose.

Regional Priority Credits are entirely based on a projects zip code. There are a total of 6 possible credits and a project can earn up to 4 extra points. Points for materials are covered under the Materials and Resources Credit Category. For example, a region which has been experienced a shortage of water is given a RPC based on saving water, due to the shortage.

The full intent of the Green power credit is to encourage the development and use of renewable sourced energy from the grid on a net zero pollution bases

Awareness and Education is strictly in the LEED for Homes rating system

It is always best practice to utilize no refrigerants at all and naturally cool your project if possible.

When no other information is given, assume a 50/50 split between men and women

Regardless of how many LEED APs are working on the project, only 1 point can be earned as an ID credit

The Heat island effect is reduced because there is less asphalt in contact with the sun and its underground

The development density is a measure of the average square footage of all buildings within a density radius. Undeveloped public lands such as parks, bodies of water and public roads are excluded.

The question specifically refers to reusing the BUILDING. This would go towards MR - building reuse. It does not specifically say anything about the site.

Basic Services include, but are not limited to: 1) Bank; 2) Place of Worship; 3) Convenience Grocery; 4) Day Care; 5) Cleaners; 6) Fire Station; 7) Beauty; 8) Hardware; 9) Laundry; 10) Library; 11) Medical/Dental; 12) Senior Care Facility; 13) Park; 14) Pharmacy; 15) Post Office; 16) Restaurant; 17) School; 18) Supermarket; 19) Theater; 20) Community Center; 21) Fitness Center; 22) Museum

The minimum building to site area ratio is 2% of the LEED Project Boundary. Thus, 2% * 200000 = 4000sf

Heat Island Affect is reduced because there are less hardscapes Storm Water Management Quality is increased because there is less toxic hardscape to come in contact with and Quantity is reduced due to the reduction in hardscapes Water Efficient Landscaping would be negatively impacted because there is more area to irrigate Development Density and Community Connectivity are not affected

Regional Priority Credits are bonus points to encourage credits that are area specific and thus based on the zip code of the project.

ASHRAE 90.1 - is for whole building models to see the energy performance of your building against a baseline ASHRAE 55 - Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy ASHRAE 62.1 - Ventilation requirements which are needed for natural ventilation requirements ANSI E779-03 - is for smoking ASHRAE Advanced Energy Guide - is for whole building models to see the energy performance of your building against a baseline

Post-Consumer recycled material is defined as material that has served its intended use and is then recycled and reused in a different product. Where as pre-consumer has not been used and may have come from excess or damaged (scrap) items during a manufacturing process and then not reused for the same purpose. By re-using materials, we can reduce the demand for virgin materials that have just been extracted.

In EAc6 you must have a minimum of a 2 year renewable energy contract as defined by the CRS Green-e certification

Trees or other plant life which are converted to heat energy in order to create electricity are known as Biomass.

IESNA RP-33 defines the amount of outdoor light allowed in a specific zone. Full cut-off are good because it keeps light in the area it should be Low reflectance surfaces, while bad for the Heat Island Affect, they are good for this credit as they will not reflect light back into the sky. Shining outdoor lights straight up into the sky directly contributes to light pollution. Low angle is correct, keeping the light on the ground.

Consulting fees are soft costs and not directly relating to the actual construction of the project. The rest are hard costs

The definition of a densely occupied space is: an area with a design occupant density of 25 people or more per 93 square metres (1,000 square feet) or 3.7 square metres or less per person (40 square feet or less per person).

Graywater is defined as untreated house-hold wastewater which has not come in contact with toilet waste or kitchen sinks . This includes: laundry tubs + clothes washer and showers + tubs. Rainwater is known as stormwater in LEED, and although it can be re-used in the methods above, it is still considered stormwater re-use, not graywater. The other options are blackwater.

This is stated in LEED's Minimum Project Requirements. It is common sense as any project must follow all federal, state, and local laws at all stages of the project

LEED Credit Scorecard is used to assess and track attempted credits and it should be used as a reference throughout the construction of the project http://bit.ly/LZhUPK

The full intent of the Green power credit is to encourage the development and use of renewable sourced energy from the grid on a net zero pollution bases

- Review the reference guide - Contact USGBC customer service - Submit a CIR These are the 3 steps which must be completed when something is unknown or the project team has an inquiry.

FSC certified wood requires the Chain-of-Custody to know where the wood has been throughout its life.

Brownfields lessen the impact of construction because it reuses land and allows green fields to remain green and provide products and services that are necessary

VOCs must be limited in carpet products under the Green Label program and that is addressed in the IEQ credit category It also contributes to the MRc credit for Regional Materials

Cogeneration of Combined heat and power (CHP) generates both electrical power and thermal energy from one heat source. This is the definition.

HCs are benign to the atmosphere but have a great indirect GWP affect due to the amount of fossil fuels needed to generate electricity for them. HCs are natural refrigerants

Floor Area / Acre of Build-able Land is how LEED calculates density

- Review the reference guide - Contact USGBC customer service - Submit a CIR These are the 3 steps which must be completed when something is unknown or the project team has an inquiry. MPRs MUST be met to apply for LEED certification

Recycling + Reusing materials diverts waste from going to the landfill. (Remember your 3 R's!) Low LCC = Lower O+M costs, not waste diversion Local Materials = less transportation emissions, not waste diversion

EPAct 1992defines water consumption rates for your baseline Energy Star use 50%+ less water than regular washers Watersense is EPA's standard for fixtures that conserve water

Rapidly renewable material is harvested in 10 years and irrelevant to the question Construction Waste Management - has to do with where the waste goes offsite Regional Materials - it is automatically qualified as regional material because of its location ON SITE!

The 40/60 Rule is to be used when you are unsure of which LEED rating system is to be used. Essentially, if 60%+ of the LEED project complies with one rating system, that one is to be used. However, if it is not 60%+, then it is up to the project team's discretion

Transient occupants use the building on an irregular basis The rest of the options are on a regular basis / schedule

The MRp1, Storage & Collection of Recyclables prerequisite aims to reduce the waste generated by building occupants that goes to landfills. It requires the collection of paper, corrugated cardboard, glass, plastics, and metals at a minimum. Wood and rubber are not requirement s

Emmisivity - is the amount of absorbed heat that is radiated from a surface (01) Higher = better radiance Albedo - is the fraction of the solar energy that is reflected by a surface. (01) Higher reflectance is better. Ex White = high LEED Solar Reflectance Index (SRI) – Combined. It indicates the ability of a surface to reject solar heat Black = 0, White = 100

A heat island is an urban area which is significantly warmer than its surrounding rural areas. DUE TO: i. Common surface materials act as heat sinks ii. Buildings block heat from radiating into cold night sky iii. Lack of Wind

ASHRAE 90.1 governs energy Grean Seal standards are for VOC limits MERV Filters are for Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) ASHRAE 62.1 governs ventilation rates ASHRAE 55 is for thermal comfort Green Label and Green Label Plus are for carpets

Doubling the requirement of a LEED credit and exceeding the requirement of a LEED credit can both earn an ID point under exemplary performance. However, the question explicitly asks for one of innovative performance. Innovative performance is defined as: achieve significant, measurable environmental performance using a strategy not addressed in the LEED Rating system.

A LEED AP counts as 1 LEED Innovation in Design point. Even if there were 3 LEED APs on the project, only 1 point will be awarded. LEED platinum requires 80+ points

This is the definition of a footcandle

Concrete, Asphalt and Metal are impervious surfaces as water cannot penetrate through them into the ground and subsequent aquifer below.

A land that has been previously developed has pre-existing paving, construction or any means of altering the landscape. However, if a previously developed site has been turned into a land for natural use, it is no longer considered previously developed.